Moral Origins: The Evolution of Virtue, Altruism, and Shame

Moral Origins: The Evolution of Virtue, Altruism, and Shame
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作者:
出版社: Basic Books
2012-05
ISBN: 9780465020485
定价: 284.60
装帧: 精装
开本: 其他
纸张: 其他
页数: 432页
正文语种: 英语
  • FromtheageofDarwintothepresentday,biologistshavebeengrapplingwiththeoriginsofourmoralsense.Why,ifthehumaninstincttosurviveandreproduceis“selfish,”dopeopleengageinself-sacrifice,andevendevelopideaslikevirtueandshametojustifythataltruism?Manytheorieshavebeenputforth,someemphasizingtheroleofnepotism,othersemphasizingtheadvantagesofreciprocationorgroupselectioneffects.ButevolutionaryanthropologistChristopherBoehmfindsexistingexplanationslacking,andinMoralOrigins,heoffersanelegantnewtheory.Tracingthedevelopmentofaltruismandgroupsocialcontrolover6millionyears,Boehmarguesthatourmoralsenseisasophisticateddefensemechanismthatenablesindividualstosurviveandthriveingroups.Oneofthebiggestrisksofgrouplivingisthepossibilityofbeingpunishedforourmisdeedsbythosearoundus.Bullies,thieves,free-riders,andespeciallypsychopaths—thosewhomakeitdifficultforotherstogoabouttheirlives—arethemostlikelytosufferthisfate.Gettingbyrequiresgettingalong,andthissocialtypeofselection,Boehmshows,singlesoutaltruistsforsurvival.Thisselectionpressurehasbeenuniqueinshapinghumannature,anditbredthefirststirringsofconscienceinthehumanspecies.Ultimately,itledtothefullydevelopedsenseofvirtueandshamethatweknowtoday.Agroundbreakingexplorationoftheevolutionofhumangenerosityandcooperation,MoralOriginsoffersprofoundinsightintohumanity’smoralpast—andhowitmightshapeourmoralfuture.
  • 内容简介:
    FromtheageofDarwintothepresentday,biologistshavebeengrapplingwiththeoriginsofourmoralsense.Why,ifthehumaninstincttosurviveandreproduceis“selfish,”dopeopleengageinself-sacrifice,andevendevelopideaslikevirtueandshametojustifythataltruism?Manytheorieshavebeenputforth,someemphasizingtheroleofnepotism,othersemphasizingtheadvantagesofreciprocationorgroupselectioneffects.ButevolutionaryanthropologistChristopherBoehmfindsexistingexplanationslacking,andinMoralOrigins,heoffersanelegantnewtheory.Tracingthedevelopmentofaltruismandgroupsocialcontrolover6millionyears,Boehmarguesthatourmoralsenseisasophisticateddefensemechanismthatenablesindividualstosurviveandthriveingroups.Oneofthebiggestrisksofgrouplivingisthepossibilityofbeingpunishedforourmisdeedsbythosearoundus.Bullies,thieves,free-riders,andespeciallypsychopaths—thosewhomakeitdifficultforotherstogoabouttheirlives—arethemostlikelytosufferthisfate.Gettingbyrequiresgettingalong,andthissocialtypeofselection,Boehmshows,singlesoutaltruistsforsurvival.Thisselectionpressurehasbeenuniqueinshapinghumannature,anditbredthefirststirringsofconscienceinthehumanspecies.Ultimately,itledtothefullydevelopedsenseofvirtueandshamethatweknowtoday.Agroundbreakingexplorationoftheevolutionofhumangenerosityandcooperation,MoralOriginsoffersprofoundinsightintohumanity’smoralpast—andhowitmightshapeourmoralfuture.
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