Moral Origins: The Evolution of Virtue, Altruism, and Shame

Moral Origins: The Evolution of Virtue, Altruism, and Shame

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作者: Christopher Boehm 著

出版社: Basic Books

出版时间: 2012-05

ISBN: 9780465020485

定价: 284.60

装帧: 精装

开本: 其他

纸张: 其他

页数: 432页

正文语种: 英语

分类: 外文古旧书>英文书>文学

FromtheageofDarwintothepresentday,biologistshavebeengrapplingwiththeoriginsofourmoralsense.Why,ifthehumaninstincttosurviveandreproduceis“selfish,”dopeopleengageinself-sacrifice,andevendevelopideaslikevirtueandshametojustifythataltruism?Manytheorieshavebeenputforth,someemphasizingtheroleofnepotism,othersemphasizingtheadvantagesofreciprocationorgroupselectioneffects.ButevolutionaryanthropologistChristopherBoehmfindsexistingexplanationslacking,andinMoralOrigins,heoffersanelegantnewtheory.Tracingthedevelopmentofaltruismandgroupsocialcontrolover6millionyears,Boehmarguesthatourmoralsenseisasophisticateddefensemechanismthatenablesindividualstosurviveandthriveingroups.Oneofthebiggestrisksofgrouplivingisthepossibilityofbeingpunishedforourmisdeedsbythosearoundus.Bullies,thieves,free-riders,andespeciallypsychopaths—thosewhomakeitdifficultforotherstogoabouttheirlives—arethemostlikelytosufferthisfate.Gettingbyrequiresgettingalong,andthissocialtypeofselection,Boehmshows,singlesoutaltruistsforsurvival.Thisselectionpressurehasbeenuniqueinshapinghumannature,anditbredthefirststirringsofconscienceinthehumanspecies.Ultimately,itledtothefullydevelopedsenseofvirtueandshamethatweknowtoday.Agroundbreakingexplorationoftheevolutionofhumangenerosityandcooperation,MoralOriginsoffersprofoundinsightintohumanity’smoralpast—andhowitmightshapeourmoralfuture.
内容简介:
FromtheageofDarwintothepresentday,biologistshavebeengrapplingwiththeoriginsofourmoralsense.Why,ifthehumaninstincttosurviveandreproduceis“selfish,”dopeopleengageinself-sacrifice,andevendevelopideaslikevirtueandshametojustifythataltruism?Manytheorieshavebeenputforth,someemphasizingtheroleofnepotism,othersemphasizingtheadvantagesofreciprocationorgroupselectioneffects.ButevolutionaryanthropologistChristopherBoehmfindsexistingexplanationslacking,andinMoralOrigins,heoffersanelegantnewtheory.Tracingthedevelopmentofaltruismandgroupsocialcontrolover6millionyears,Boehmarguesthatourmoralsenseisasophisticateddefensemechanismthatenablesindividualstosurviveandthriveingroups.Oneofthebiggestrisksofgrouplivingisthepossibilityofbeingpunishedforourmisdeedsbythosearoundus.Bullies,thieves,free-riders,andespeciallypsychopaths—thosewhomakeitdifficultforotherstogoabouttheirlives—arethemostlikelytosufferthisfate.Gettingbyrequiresgettingalong,andthissocialtypeofselection,Boehmshows,singlesoutaltruistsforsurvival.Thisselectionpressurehasbeenuniqueinshapinghumannature,anditbredthefirststirringsofconscienceinthehumanspecies.Ultimately,itledtothefullydevelopedsenseofvirtueandshamethatweknowtoday.Agroundbreakingexplorationoftheevolutionofhumangenerosityandcooperation,MoralOriginsoffersprofoundinsightintohumanity’smoralpast—andhowitmightshapeourmoralfuture.

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