数据压缩导论(英文版·第3版)

数据压缩导论(英文版·第3版)
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作者: [英] (Sayood K.)
2009-02
版次: 1
ISBN: 9787115195203
定价: 99.00
装帧: 平装
开本: 16开
纸张: 胶版纸
页数: 680页
字数: 840千字
正文语种: 英语
16人买过
  • 《数据压缩导论(英文版·第3版)》是数据压缩方面的经典著作,介绍了各种类型的压缩模式。书中首先介绍了基本压缩方法(包括无损压缩和有损压缩)中涉及的数学知识,为常见的压缩形式打牢了信息论基础,然后从无损压缩体制开始,依次讲述了霍夫曼编码、算术编码以及字典编码技术等,对于有损压缩,还讨论了使用量化的模式,描述了标量、矢量以及微分编码和分形压缩技术,最后重点介绍了视频加密。《数据压缩导论(英文版·第3版)》不但分析了各种压缩模式及其优缺点,而且还说明了它们最适合处理哪种内容。
    《数据压缩导论(英文版·第3版)》非常适合从事数据压缩相关工作的专业技术人员、软硬件工程师、学生等阅读,数字图书馆、多媒体等领域的技术人员也可参考。 KhalidSayood,著名数据压缩技术专家,内布拉斯加大学教授得克萨斯A&M大学电气工程专业博士。他的研究方向包括数据压缩、信源信道联合编码和生物信息学。 1Introduction1
    1.1CompressionTechniques3
    1.1.1LosslessCompression4
    1.1.2LossyCompression5
    1.1.3MeasuresofPerformance5
    1.2ModelingandCoding6
    1.3Summary10
    1.4ProjectsandProblems11

    2MathematicalPreliminariesforLosslessCompression13
    2.1Overview13
    2.2ABriefIntroductiontoInformationTheory13
    2.2.1DerivationofAverageInformation18
    2.3Models23
    2.3.1PhysicalModels23
    2.3.2ProbabilityModels23
    2.3.3MarkovModels24
    2.3.4CompositeSourceModel27
    2.4Coding27
    2.4.1UniquelyDecodableCodes28
    2.4.2PrefixCodes31
    2.4.3TheKraft-McMillanInequality32
    2.5AlgorithmicInformationTheory35
    2.6MinimumDescriptionLengthPrinciple36
    2.7Summary37
    2.8ProjectsandProblems38

    3HuffmanCoding41
    3.1Overview41
    3.2TheHuffmanCodingAlgorithm41
    3.2.1MinimumVarianceHuffmanCodes46
    3.2.2OptimalityofHuffmanCodes48
    3.2.3LengthofHuffmanCodes49
    3.2.4ExtendedHuffmanCodes51
    3.3NonbinaryHuffmanCodes55
    3.4AdaptiveHuffmanCoding58
    3.4.1UpdateProcedure59
    3.4.2EncodingProcedure62
    3.4.3DecodingProcedure63
    3.5GolombCodes65
    3.6RiceCodes67
    3.6.1CCSDSRecommendationforLosslessCompression67
    3.7TunstallCodes69
    3.8ApplicationsofHuffmanCoding72
    3.8.1LosslessImageCompression72
    3.8.2TextCompression74
    3.8.3AudioCompression75
    3.9Summary77
    3.10ProjectsandProblems77

    4ArithmeticCoding81
    4.1Overview81
    4.2Introduction81
    4.3CodingaSequence83
    4.3.1GeneratingaTag84
    4.3.2DecipheringtheTag91
    4.4GeneratingaBinaryCode92
    4.4.1UniquenessandEfficiencyoftheArithmeticCode93
    4.4.2AlgorithmImplementation96
    4.4.3IntegerImplementation102
    4.5ComparisonofHuffmanandArithmeticCoding109
    4.6AdaptiveArithmeticCoding112
    4.7Applications112
    4.8Summary113
    4.9ProjectsandProblems114

    5DictionaryTechniques117
    5.1Overview117
    5.2Introduction117
    5.3StaticDictionary118
    5.3.1DigramCoding119
    5.4AdaptiveDictionary121
    5.4.1TheLZ7.7Approach121
    5.4.2TheLZ78Approach125
    5.5Applications133
    5.5.1FileCompression-UNIXcompress133
    5.5.2ImageCompression-TheGraphicsInterchangeFormat(GIF)133
    5.5.3ImageCompression-PortableNetworkGraphics(PNG)134
    5.5.4CompressionoverModems-V.42bis136
    5.6Summary138
    5.7ProjectsandProblems139

    6Context-BasedCompression141
    6.1Overview141
    6.2Introduction141
    6.3PredictionwithPartialMatch(ppm)143
    6.3.1TheBasicAlgorithm143
    6.3.2TheEscapeSymbol149
    6.3.3LengthofContext150
    6.3.4TheExclusionPrinciple151
    6.4TheBurrows-WheelerTransform152
    6.4.1Move-to-FrontCoding156
    6.5AssociativeCoderofBuyanovsky(ACB)157
    6.6DynamicMarkovCompression158
    6.7Summary160
    6.8ProjectsandProblems161

    7LosslessImageCompression163
    7.1Overview163
    7.2Introduction163
    7.2.1TheOldJPEGStandard164
    7.3CALIC166
    7.4JPEG-LS170
    7.5MultiresolutionApproaches172
    7.5.1ProgressiveImageTransmission173
    7.6FacsimileEncoding178
    7.6.1Run-LengthCoding179
    7.6.2CCITTGroup3and4-RecommendationsT.4andT.6180
    7.6.3JBIG183
    7.6.4JBIG2-T.88189
    7.7MRC-T.44190
    7.8Summary193
    7.9ProjectsandProblems193

    8MathematicalPreliminariesforLossyCoding195
    8.1Overview195
    8.2Introduction195
    8.3DistortionCriteria197
    8.3.1TheHumanVisualSystem199
    8.3.2AuditoryPerception200
    8.4InformationTheoryRevisited201
    8.4.1ConditionalEntropy202
    8.4.2AverageMutualInformation204
    8.4.3DifferentialEntropy205
    8.5RateDistortionTheory208
    8.6Models215
    8.6.1ProbabilityModels216
    8.6.2LinearSystemModels218
    8.6.3PhysicalModels223
    8.7Summary224
    8.8ProjectsandProblems224

    9ScalarQuantization227
    9.1Overview227
    9.2Introduction227
    9.3TheQuantizationProblem228
    9.4UniformQuantizer233
    9.5AdaptiveQuantization244
    9.5.1ForwardAdaptiveQuantization244
    9.5.2BackwardAdaptiveQuantization246
    9.6NonuniformQuantization253
    9.6.1pdf-OptimizedQuantization253
    9.6.2CompandedQuantization257
    9.7Entropy-CodedQuantization264
    9.7.1EntropyCodingofLloyd-MaxQuantizerOutputs265
    9.7.2Entropy-ConstrainedQuantization265
    9.7.3High-RateOptimumQuantization266
    9.8Summary269
    9.9ProjectsandProblems270

    10VectorQuantization273
    10.1Overview273
    10.2Introduction273
    10.3AdvantagesofVectorQuantizationoverScalarQuantization276
    10.4TheLinde-Buzo-GrayAlgorithm282
    10.4.1InitializingtheLBGAlgorithm287
    10.4.2TheEmptyCellProblem294
    10.4.3UseofLBGforImageCompression294
    10.5Tree-StructuredVectorQuantizers299
    10.5.1DesignofTree-StructuredVectorQuantizers302
    10.5.2PrunedTree-StructuredVectorQuantizers303
    10.6StructuredVectorQuantizers303
    10.6.1PyramidVectorQuantization305
    10.6.2PolarandSphericalVectorQuantizers306
    10.6.3LatticeVectorQuantizers307
    10.7VariationsontheTheme311
    10.7.1Gain-ShapeVectorQuantization311
    10.7.2Mean-RemovedVectorQuantization312
    10.7.3ClassifiedVectorQuantization313
    10.7.4MultistageVectorQuantization313
    10.7.5AdaptiveVectorQuantization315
    10.8Trellis-CodedQuantization316
    10.9Summary321
    10.10ProjectsandProblems322

    11DifferentialEncoding325
    11.1Overview325
    11.2Introduction325
    11.3TheBasicAlgorithm328
    11.4PredictioninDPCM332
    11.5AdaptiveDPCM337
    11.5.1AdaptiveQuantizationinDPCM338
    11.5.2AdaptivePredictioninDPCM339
    11.6DeltaModulation342
    11.6.1ConstantFactorAdaptiveDeltaModulation(CFDM)343
    11.6.2ContinuouslyVariableSlopeDeltaModulation345
    11.7SpeechCoding345
    11.7.1G.726347
    11.8ImageCoding349
    11.9Summary351
    11.10ProjectsandProblems352

    12MathematicalPreliminariesforTransforms,Subbands,andWavelets355
    12.1Overview355
    12.2Introduction355
    12.3VectorSpaces356
    12.3.1DotorInnerProduct357
    12.3.2VectorSpace357
    12.3.3Subspace359
    12.3.4Basis360
    12.3.5InnerProduct-FormalDefinition361
    12.3.6OrthogonalandOrthonormalSets361
    12.4FourierSeries362
    12.5FourierTransform365
    12.5.1Parseval’sTheorem366
    12.5.2ModulationProperty366
    12.5.3ConvolutionTheorem367
    12.6LinearSystems368
    12.6.1TimeInvariance368
    12.6.2TransferFunction368
    12.6.3ImpulseResponse369
    12.6.4Filter371
    12.7Sampling372
    12.7.1IdealSampling-FrequencyDomainView373
    12.7.2IdealSampling-TimeDomainView375
    12.8DiscreteFourierTransform376
    12.9Z-Transform378
    12.9.1TabularMethod381
    12.9.2PartialFractionExpansion382
    12.9.3LongDivision386
    12.9.4Z-TransformProperties387
    12.9.5DiscreteConvolution387
    12.10Summary389
    12.11ProjectsandProblems390

    13TransformCoding391
    13.1Overview391
    13.2Introduction391
    13.3TheTransform396
    13.4TransformsofInterest400
    13.4.1Karhunen-LoéveTransform401
    13.4.2DiscreteCosineTransform402
    13.4.3DiscreteSineTransform404
    13.4.4DiscreteWalsh-HadamardTransform404
    13.5QuantizationandCodingofTransformCoefficients407
    13.6ApplicationtoImageCompression-JPEG410
    13.6.1TheTransform410
    13.6.2Quantization411
    13.6.3Coding413
    13.7ApplicationtoAudioCompression-theMDCT416
    13.8Summary419
    13.9ProjectsandProblems421

    14SubbandCoding423
    14.1Overview423
    14.2Introduction423
    14.3Filters428
    14.3.1SomeFiltersUsedinSubbandCoding432
    14.4TheBasicSubbandCodingAlgorithm436
    14.4.1Analysis436
    14.4.2QuantizationandCoding437
    14.4.3Synthesis437
    14.5DesignofFilterBanks438
    14.5.1Downsampling440
    14.5.2Upsampling443
    14.6PerfectReconstructionUsingTwo-ChannelFilterBanks444
    14.6.1Two-ChannelPRQuadratureMirrorFilters447
    14.6.2PowerSymmetricFIRFilters449
    14.7M-BandQMFFilterBanks451
    14.8ThePolyphaseDecomposition454
    14.9BitAllocation459
    14.10ApplicationtoSpeechCoding-G.722461
    14.11ApplicationtoAudioCoding-MPEGAudio462
    14.12ApplicationtoImageCompression463
    14.12.1DecomposinganImage465
    14.12.2CodingtheSubbands467
    14.13Summary470
    14.14ProjectsandProblems471

    15Wavelet-BasedCompression473
    15.1Overview473
    15.2Introduction473
    15.3Wavelets476
    15.4MultiresolutionAnalysisandtheScalingFunction480
    15.5ImplementationUsingFilters486
    15.5.1ScalingandWaveletCoefficients488
    15.5.2FamiliesofWavelets491
    15.6ImageCompression494
    15.7EmbeddedZerotreeCoder497
    15.8SetPartitioninginHierarchicalTrees505
    15.9JPEG2000512
    15.10Summary513
    15.11ProjectsandProblems513

    16AudioCoding515
    16.1Overview515
    16.2Introduction515
    16.2.1SpectralMasking517
    16.2.2TemporalMasking517
    16.2.3PsychoacousticModel518
    16.3MPEGAudioCoding519
    16.3.1LayerICoding520
    16.3.2LayerIICoding521
    16.3.3LayerIIICoding-mp3522
    16.4MPEGAdvancedAudioCoding527
    16.4.1MPEG-2AAC527
    16.4.2MPEG-4AAC532
    16.5DolbyAC3(DolbyDigital)533
    16.5.1BitAllocation534
    16.6OtherStandards535
    16.7Summary536

    17Analysis/SynthesisandAnalysisbySynthesisSchemes537
    17.1Overview537
    17.2Introduction537
    17.3SpeechCompression539
    17.3.1TheChannelVocoder539
    17.3.2TheLinearPredictiveCoder(GovernmentStandardLPC-10)542
    17.3.3CodeExcitedLinearPredicton(CELP)549
    17.3.4SinusoidalCoders552
    17.3.5MixedExcitationLinearPrediction(MELP)555
    17.4WidebandSpeechCompression-ITU-TG.722.2558
    17.5ImageCompression559
    17.5.1FractalCompression560
    17.6Summary568
    17.7ProjectsandProblems569

    18VideoCompression571
    18.1Overview571
    18.2Introduction571
    18.3MotionCompensation573
    18.4VideoSignalRepresentation576
    18.5ITU-TRecommendationH.261582
    18.5.1MotionCompensation583
    18.5.2TheLoopFilter584
    18.5.3TheTransform586
    18.5.4QuantizationandCoding586
    18.5.5RateControl588
    18.6Model-BasedCoding588
    18.7AsymmetricApplications590
    18.8TheMPEG-1VideoStandard591
    18.9TheMPEG-2VideoStandard-H.262594
    18.9.1TheGrandAllianceHDTVProposal597
    18.10ITU-TRecommendationH.263598
    18.10.1UnrestrictedMotionVectorMode600
    18.10.2Syntax-BasedArithmeticCodingMode600
    18.10.3AdvancedPredictionMode600
    18.10.4PB-framesandImprovedPB-framesMode600
    18.10.5AdvancedIntraCodingMode600
    18.10.6DeblockingFilterMode601
    18.10.7ReferencePictureSelectionMode601
    18.10.8Temporal,SNR,andSpatialScalabilityMode601
    18.10.9ReferencePictureResampling601
    18.10.10Reduced-ResolutionUpdateMode602
    18.10.11AlternativeInterVLCMode602
    18.10.12ModifiedQuantizationMode602
    18.10.13EnhancedReferencePictureSelectionMode603
    18.11ITU-TRecommendationH.264,MPEG-4Part10,AdvancedVideoCoding603
    18.11.1Motion-CompensatedPrediction604
    18.11.2TheTransform605
    18.11.3IntraPrediction605
    18.11.4Quantization606
    18.11.5Coding608
    18.12MPEG-4Part2609
    18.13PacketVideo610
    18.14ATMNetworks610
    18.14.1CompressionIssuesinATMNetworks611
    18.14.2CompressionAlgorithmsforPacketVideo612
    18.15Summary613
    18.16ProjectsandProblems614

    AProbabilityandRandomProcesses615
    A.1Probability615
    A.1.1FrequencyofOccurrence615
    A.1.2AMeasureofBelief616
    A.1.3TheAxiomaticApproach618
    A.2RandomVariables620
    A.3DistributionFunctions621
    A.4Expectation623
    A.4.1Mean624
    A.4.2SecondMoment625
    A.4.3Variance625
    A.5TypesofDistribution625
    A.5.1UniformDistribution625
    A.5.2GaussianDistribution626
    A.5.3LaplacianDistribution626
    A.5.4GammaDistribution626
    A.6StochasticProcess626
    A.7ProjectsandProblems629

    BABriefReviewofMatrixConcepts631
    B.1AMatrix631
    B.2MatrixOperations632
    CTheRootLattices637
    Bibliography639
    Index655
  • 内容简介:
    《数据压缩导论(英文版·第3版)》是数据压缩方面的经典著作,介绍了各种类型的压缩模式。书中首先介绍了基本压缩方法(包括无损压缩和有损压缩)中涉及的数学知识,为常见的压缩形式打牢了信息论基础,然后从无损压缩体制开始,依次讲述了霍夫曼编码、算术编码以及字典编码技术等,对于有损压缩,还讨论了使用量化的模式,描述了标量、矢量以及微分编码和分形压缩技术,最后重点介绍了视频加密。《数据压缩导论(英文版·第3版)》不但分析了各种压缩模式及其优缺点,而且还说明了它们最适合处理哪种内容。
    《数据压缩导论(英文版·第3版)》非常适合从事数据压缩相关工作的专业技术人员、软硬件工程师、学生等阅读,数字图书馆、多媒体等领域的技术人员也可参考。
  • 作者简介:
    KhalidSayood,著名数据压缩技术专家,内布拉斯加大学教授得克萨斯A&M大学电气工程专业博士。他的研究方向包括数据压缩、信源信道联合编码和生物信息学。
  • 目录:
    1Introduction1
    1.1CompressionTechniques3
    1.1.1LosslessCompression4
    1.1.2LossyCompression5
    1.1.3MeasuresofPerformance5
    1.2ModelingandCoding6
    1.3Summary10
    1.4ProjectsandProblems11

    2MathematicalPreliminariesforLosslessCompression13
    2.1Overview13
    2.2ABriefIntroductiontoInformationTheory13
    2.2.1DerivationofAverageInformation18
    2.3Models23
    2.3.1PhysicalModels23
    2.3.2ProbabilityModels23
    2.3.3MarkovModels24
    2.3.4CompositeSourceModel27
    2.4Coding27
    2.4.1UniquelyDecodableCodes28
    2.4.2PrefixCodes31
    2.4.3TheKraft-McMillanInequality32
    2.5AlgorithmicInformationTheory35
    2.6MinimumDescriptionLengthPrinciple36
    2.7Summary37
    2.8ProjectsandProblems38

    3HuffmanCoding41
    3.1Overview41
    3.2TheHuffmanCodingAlgorithm41
    3.2.1MinimumVarianceHuffmanCodes46
    3.2.2OptimalityofHuffmanCodes48
    3.2.3LengthofHuffmanCodes49
    3.2.4ExtendedHuffmanCodes51
    3.3NonbinaryHuffmanCodes55
    3.4AdaptiveHuffmanCoding58
    3.4.1UpdateProcedure59
    3.4.2EncodingProcedure62
    3.4.3DecodingProcedure63
    3.5GolombCodes65
    3.6RiceCodes67
    3.6.1CCSDSRecommendationforLosslessCompression67
    3.7TunstallCodes69
    3.8ApplicationsofHuffmanCoding72
    3.8.1LosslessImageCompression72
    3.8.2TextCompression74
    3.8.3AudioCompression75
    3.9Summary77
    3.10ProjectsandProblems77

    4ArithmeticCoding81
    4.1Overview81
    4.2Introduction81
    4.3CodingaSequence83
    4.3.1GeneratingaTag84
    4.3.2DecipheringtheTag91
    4.4GeneratingaBinaryCode92
    4.4.1UniquenessandEfficiencyoftheArithmeticCode93
    4.4.2AlgorithmImplementation96
    4.4.3IntegerImplementation102
    4.5ComparisonofHuffmanandArithmeticCoding109
    4.6AdaptiveArithmeticCoding112
    4.7Applications112
    4.8Summary113
    4.9ProjectsandProblems114

    5DictionaryTechniques117
    5.1Overview117
    5.2Introduction117
    5.3StaticDictionary118
    5.3.1DigramCoding119
    5.4AdaptiveDictionary121
    5.4.1TheLZ7.7Approach121
    5.4.2TheLZ78Approach125
    5.5Applications133
    5.5.1FileCompression-UNIXcompress133
    5.5.2ImageCompression-TheGraphicsInterchangeFormat(GIF)133
    5.5.3ImageCompression-PortableNetworkGraphics(PNG)134
    5.5.4CompressionoverModems-V.42bis136
    5.6Summary138
    5.7ProjectsandProblems139

    6Context-BasedCompression141
    6.1Overview141
    6.2Introduction141
    6.3PredictionwithPartialMatch(ppm)143
    6.3.1TheBasicAlgorithm143
    6.3.2TheEscapeSymbol149
    6.3.3LengthofContext150
    6.3.4TheExclusionPrinciple151
    6.4TheBurrows-WheelerTransform152
    6.4.1Move-to-FrontCoding156
    6.5AssociativeCoderofBuyanovsky(ACB)157
    6.6DynamicMarkovCompression158
    6.7Summary160
    6.8ProjectsandProblems161

    7LosslessImageCompression163
    7.1Overview163
    7.2Introduction163
    7.2.1TheOldJPEGStandard164
    7.3CALIC166
    7.4JPEG-LS170
    7.5MultiresolutionApproaches172
    7.5.1ProgressiveImageTransmission173
    7.6FacsimileEncoding178
    7.6.1Run-LengthCoding179
    7.6.2CCITTGroup3and4-RecommendationsT.4andT.6180
    7.6.3JBIG183
    7.6.4JBIG2-T.88189
    7.7MRC-T.44190
    7.8Summary193
    7.9ProjectsandProblems193

    8MathematicalPreliminariesforLossyCoding195
    8.1Overview195
    8.2Introduction195
    8.3DistortionCriteria197
    8.3.1TheHumanVisualSystem199
    8.3.2AuditoryPerception200
    8.4InformationTheoryRevisited201
    8.4.1ConditionalEntropy202
    8.4.2AverageMutualInformation204
    8.4.3DifferentialEntropy205
    8.5RateDistortionTheory208
    8.6Models215
    8.6.1ProbabilityModels216
    8.6.2LinearSystemModels218
    8.6.3PhysicalModels223
    8.7Summary224
    8.8ProjectsandProblems224

    9ScalarQuantization227
    9.1Overview227
    9.2Introduction227
    9.3TheQuantizationProblem228
    9.4UniformQuantizer233
    9.5AdaptiveQuantization244
    9.5.1ForwardAdaptiveQuantization244
    9.5.2BackwardAdaptiveQuantization246
    9.6NonuniformQuantization253
    9.6.1pdf-OptimizedQuantization253
    9.6.2CompandedQuantization257
    9.7Entropy-CodedQuantization264
    9.7.1EntropyCodingofLloyd-MaxQuantizerOutputs265
    9.7.2Entropy-ConstrainedQuantization265
    9.7.3High-RateOptimumQuantization266
    9.8Summary269
    9.9ProjectsandProblems270

    10VectorQuantization273
    10.1Overview273
    10.2Introduction273
    10.3AdvantagesofVectorQuantizationoverScalarQuantization276
    10.4TheLinde-Buzo-GrayAlgorithm282
    10.4.1InitializingtheLBGAlgorithm287
    10.4.2TheEmptyCellProblem294
    10.4.3UseofLBGforImageCompression294
    10.5Tree-StructuredVectorQuantizers299
    10.5.1DesignofTree-StructuredVectorQuantizers302
    10.5.2PrunedTree-StructuredVectorQuantizers303
    10.6StructuredVectorQuantizers303
    10.6.1PyramidVectorQuantization305
    10.6.2PolarandSphericalVectorQuantizers306
    10.6.3LatticeVectorQuantizers307
    10.7VariationsontheTheme311
    10.7.1Gain-ShapeVectorQuantization311
    10.7.2Mean-RemovedVectorQuantization312
    10.7.3ClassifiedVectorQuantization313
    10.7.4MultistageVectorQuantization313
    10.7.5AdaptiveVectorQuantization315
    10.8Trellis-CodedQuantization316
    10.9Summary321
    10.10ProjectsandProblems322

    11DifferentialEncoding325
    11.1Overview325
    11.2Introduction325
    11.3TheBasicAlgorithm328
    11.4PredictioninDPCM332
    11.5AdaptiveDPCM337
    11.5.1AdaptiveQuantizationinDPCM338
    11.5.2AdaptivePredictioninDPCM339
    11.6DeltaModulation342
    11.6.1ConstantFactorAdaptiveDeltaModulation(CFDM)343
    11.6.2ContinuouslyVariableSlopeDeltaModulation345
    11.7SpeechCoding345
    11.7.1G.726347
    11.8ImageCoding349
    11.9Summary351
    11.10ProjectsandProblems352

    12MathematicalPreliminariesforTransforms,Subbands,andWavelets355
    12.1Overview355
    12.2Introduction355
    12.3VectorSpaces356
    12.3.1DotorInnerProduct357
    12.3.2VectorSpace357
    12.3.3Subspace359
    12.3.4Basis360
    12.3.5InnerProduct-FormalDefinition361
    12.3.6OrthogonalandOrthonormalSets361
    12.4FourierSeries362
    12.5FourierTransform365
    12.5.1Parseval’sTheorem366
    12.5.2ModulationProperty366
    12.5.3ConvolutionTheorem367
    12.6LinearSystems368
    12.6.1TimeInvariance368
    12.6.2TransferFunction368
    12.6.3ImpulseResponse369
    12.6.4Filter371
    12.7Sampling372
    12.7.1IdealSampling-FrequencyDomainView373
    12.7.2IdealSampling-TimeDomainView375
    12.8DiscreteFourierTransform376
    12.9Z-Transform378
    12.9.1TabularMethod381
    12.9.2PartialFractionExpansion382
    12.9.3LongDivision386
    12.9.4Z-TransformProperties387
    12.9.5DiscreteConvolution387
    12.10Summary389
    12.11ProjectsandProblems390

    13TransformCoding391
    13.1Overview391
    13.2Introduction391
    13.3TheTransform396
    13.4TransformsofInterest400
    13.4.1Karhunen-LoéveTransform401
    13.4.2DiscreteCosineTransform402
    13.4.3DiscreteSineTransform404
    13.4.4DiscreteWalsh-HadamardTransform404
    13.5QuantizationandCodingofTransformCoefficients407
    13.6ApplicationtoImageCompression-JPEG410
    13.6.1TheTransform410
    13.6.2Quantization411
    13.6.3Coding413
    13.7ApplicationtoAudioCompression-theMDCT416
    13.8Summary419
    13.9ProjectsandProblems421

    14SubbandCoding423
    14.1Overview423
    14.2Introduction423
    14.3Filters428
    14.3.1SomeFiltersUsedinSubbandCoding432
    14.4TheBasicSubbandCodingAlgorithm436
    14.4.1Analysis436
    14.4.2QuantizationandCoding437
    14.4.3Synthesis437
    14.5DesignofFilterBanks438
    14.5.1Downsampling440
    14.5.2Upsampling443
    14.6PerfectReconstructionUsingTwo-ChannelFilterBanks444
    14.6.1Two-ChannelPRQuadratureMirrorFilters447
    14.6.2PowerSymmetricFIRFilters449
    14.7M-BandQMFFilterBanks451
    14.8ThePolyphaseDecomposition454
    14.9BitAllocation459
    14.10ApplicationtoSpeechCoding-G.722461
    14.11ApplicationtoAudioCoding-MPEGAudio462
    14.12ApplicationtoImageCompression463
    14.12.1DecomposinganImage465
    14.12.2CodingtheSubbands467
    14.13Summary470
    14.14ProjectsandProblems471

    15Wavelet-BasedCompression473
    15.1Overview473
    15.2Introduction473
    15.3Wavelets476
    15.4MultiresolutionAnalysisandtheScalingFunction480
    15.5ImplementationUsingFilters486
    15.5.1ScalingandWaveletCoefficients488
    15.5.2FamiliesofWavelets491
    15.6ImageCompression494
    15.7EmbeddedZerotreeCoder497
    15.8SetPartitioninginHierarchicalTrees505
    15.9JPEG2000512
    15.10Summary513
    15.11ProjectsandProblems513

    16AudioCoding515
    16.1Overview515
    16.2Introduction515
    16.2.1SpectralMasking517
    16.2.2TemporalMasking517
    16.2.3PsychoacousticModel518
    16.3MPEGAudioCoding519
    16.3.1LayerICoding520
    16.3.2LayerIICoding521
    16.3.3LayerIIICoding-mp3522
    16.4MPEGAdvancedAudioCoding527
    16.4.1MPEG-2AAC527
    16.4.2MPEG-4AAC532
    16.5DolbyAC3(DolbyDigital)533
    16.5.1BitAllocation534
    16.6OtherStandards535
    16.7Summary536

    17Analysis/SynthesisandAnalysisbySynthesisSchemes537
    17.1Overview537
    17.2Introduction537
    17.3SpeechCompression539
    17.3.1TheChannelVocoder539
    17.3.2TheLinearPredictiveCoder(GovernmentStandardLPC-10)542
    17.3.3CodeExcitedLinearPredicton(CELP)549
    17.3.4SinusoidalCoders552
    17.3.5MixedExcitationLinearPrediction(MELP)555
    17.4WidebandSpeechCompression-ITU-TG.722.2558
    17.5ImageCompression559
    17.5.1FractalCompression560
    17.6Summary568
    17.7ProjectsandProblems569

    18VideoCompression571
    18.1Overview571
    18.2Introduction571
    18.3MotionCompensation573
    18.4VideoSignalRepresentation576
    18.5ITU-TRecommendationH.261582
    18.5.1MotionCompensation583
    18.5.2TheLoopFilter584
    18.5.3TheTransform586
    18.5.4QuantizationandCoding586
    18.5.5RateControl588
    18.6Model-BasedCoding588
    18.7AsymmetricApplications590
    18.8TheMPEG-1VideoStandard591
    18.9TheMPEG-2VideoStandard-H.262594
    18.9.1TheGrandAllianceHDTVProposal597
    18.10ITU-TRecommendationH.263598
    18.10.1UnrestrictedMotionVectorMode600
    18.10.2Syntax-BasedArithmeticCodingMode600
    18.10.3AdvancedPredictionMode600
    18.10.4PB-framesandImprovedPB-framesMode600
    18.10.5AdvancedIntraCodingMode600
    18.10.6DeblockingFilterMode601
    18.10.7ReferencePictureSelectionMode601
    18.10.8Temporal,SNR,andSpatialScalabilityMode601
    18.10.9ReferencePictureResampling601
    18.10.10Reduced-ResolutionUpdateMode602
    18.10.11AlternativeInterVLCMode602
    18.10.12ModifiedQuantizationMode602
    18.10.13EnhancedReferencePictureSelectionMode603
    18.11ITU-TRecommendationH.264,MPEG-4Part10,AdvancedVideoCoding603
    18.11.1Motion-CompensatedPrediction604
    18.11.2TheTransform605
    18.11.3IntraPrediction605
    18.11.4Quantization606
    18.11.5Coding608
    18.12MPEG-4Part2609
    18.13PacketVideo610
    18.14ATMNetworks610
    18.14.1CompressionIssuesinATMNetworks611
    18.14.2CompressionAlgorithmsforPacketVideo612
    18.15Summary613
    18.16ProjectsandProblems614

    AProbabilityandRandomProcesses615
    A.1Probability615
    A.1.1FrequencyofOccurrence615
    A.1.2AMeasureofBelief616
    A.1.3TheAxiomaticApproach618
    A.2RandomVariables620
    A.3DistributionFunctions621
    A.4Expectation623
    A.4.1Mean624
    A.4.2SecondMoment625
    A.4.3Variance625
    A.5TypesofDistribution625
    A.5.1UniformDistribution625
    A.5.2GaussianDistribution626
    A.5.3LaplacianDistribution626
    A.5.4GammaDistribution626
    A.6StochasticProcess626
    A.7ProjectsandProblems629

    BABriefReviewofMatrixConcepts631
    B.1AMatrix631
    B.2MatrixOperations632
    CTheRootLattices637
    Bibliography639
    Index655
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