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话语分析

话语分析
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作者: （Brown.Gillian） 著 , 著
出版社: 外语教学与研究出版社
2000-08
版次: 1
ISBN: 9787560020068
定价: 27.90
装帧: 平装
开本: 16开
纸张: 胶版纸
页数: 293页
正文语种: 英语
丛书: 当代国外语言学与应用语言学文库
分类: 社会文化
229人买过
  • Disourseanalysisisatermwhichhascometohavedifferentinterpretationsforscholarsworkingindifferentdisciplines.Forasociolinguist.itisconcernedmainlywiththestructureofsocialinteractionmanifestedinconversation;forapsycholinguist，itisprimarilyconcernedwiththenatureofcomprehensionofshortwrittentexts;forthecomputationallinguist，itisconcernedwithproducingoperationalmodelsoftext-understandingwithinhighlylimitedcontexts.Inthistextbook，theauthorsprovideanextensiveoverviewofthemanyanddiverseapproachestothestudyofdiscourse，butbasetheirownapproachcentrallyonthedisciplinewhich，tovaryingdegrees，iscommontothemall-linguistics.Usingamethodologywhichhasmuchincommonwithdescriptivelinguistics，theyofferalucidandwide-rangingaccountofhowformsoflanguageareusedincommunication.
    Theirprincipalconcernistoexaminehowanylanguageproducedbyman，whetherspokenorwritten，isusedtocommunicateforapurposeinacontext.Thediscussioniscarefullyillustratedthroughoutbyawidevarietyofdiscoursetypes（conversationsrecordedindifferentsocialsituations，extractsfromnewspapers，notices，contemporaryfiction，graffiti，etc.）.Thetechniquesofanalysisaredescribedandexemplifiedinsufficientdetailforthestudenttobeabletoapplythemtoanylanguageincontextthatheorsheencounters.
    Afamiliaritywithelementarylinguisticsisassumed，buttherangeofissuesdiscussedinconjunctionwiththevarietyofexemplifcationpresentedwillmadethisavaluableandstimulatingtextbooknotonlyforstudentsoflinguistics，butforanyreaderwhoishestoinvestigatetheprinciplesunderlyingtheuseoflanguageinaturalcontextstocommunicateandunderstandintendedmeaning.
    Thisbookmakesforabsorbingreading.Itisverywell-written，inspiringandclear.Itisindispensableliteratureforanyoneworkinginthefieldofdiscourseanalysis.JournalofSemantics. PrefacebyHalliday
    王宗炎序
    导读
    Preface
    Acknowledgements
    Transcriptionconventions
    1Introduction：linguisticformsandfunctions
    1.1Thefunctionsoflanguage
    1.1.1Thetransactionalview
    1.1.2Theinteractionalview
    1.2Spokenandwrittenlanguage
    1.2.1Mannerofproduction
    1.2.2Therepresentationofdiscourse：texts
    1.2.3Writtentexts
    1.2.4Spokentexts
    1.2.5Therelationshipbetweenspeechandwriting
    1.2.6Differencesinformbetweenwrittenandspokenlanguage
    1.3Sentenceandutterance
    1.3.1Ondata"
    1.3.2Rulesversusregularities
    1.3.3Productversusprocess
    1.3.4Oncontext

    2Theroleofcontextininterpretation
    2.1Pragmaticsanddiscoursecontext
    2.1.1Reference
    2.1.2Presupposition
    2.1.3Implicatures
    2.1.4Inference
    2.2Thecontextofsituation
    2.2.1Featuresofcontext
    2.2.2Co-text
    2.3Theexpandingcontext
    2.4Theprinciplesoflocalinterpretationandofanalogy

    3Topicandtherepresentationofdiscoursecontent
    3.1Discoursefragmentsandthenotiontopic
    3.2Sententialtopic
    3.3Discoursetopic
    3.3.1Topicframework
    3.3.2Presuppositionpools
    3.3.3Sententialtopicandthepresuppositionpool
    3.4Relevanceandspeakingtopically
    3.5Speakerstopic
    3.6Topicboundarymarkers
    3.6.1Paragraphs
    3.6.2Paratones
    3.7Discoursetopicandtherepresentationofdiscoursecontent
    3.8Problemswiththeproposition-basedrepresentationofdiscoursecontent
    3.9Memoryfortext-content：story-grammars
    3.10Representingtext-contentasanetwork

    4Stagingandtherepresentationofdiscoursestruc-ture
    41Thelinearisationproblem
    4.2Theme
    4.3Thematisationandstaging
    4.3.1Staging
    4.3.aThemeasmaincharactertopicentity
    4.3.3Titlesandthematisation
    4.3-4Thematicstructure
    4.3.5Naturalorderandpointofview
    4.3.6Theme,thematisationandstaging

    5Informationstructure
    5.1Thestructureofinformation
    5.1.1Informationstructureandthenotiongivennewinintonation
    5.t.2Hallidaysaccountofinformationstructure：informationunits
    5.1.3ttallidaysaccountofinformationstructure：tonegroupsandtonics
    5.1.4Identifyingthetonegroup
    5.1.5Thetonegroupandtheclause
    5.1.6Pause-definedunits
    5.1.7Thefunctionofpitchprominence
    5.2Informationstructureandsyntacticform
    5.2.1Given/newandsyntacticform
    5.2.2Informationstructureandsentencestructure
    5.3Thepsychologicalstatusofgivenness
    5.3.1Whatdoesgivenmean?
    5.3.2Ataxonomyofinformationstatus
    5.3.3Theinormationstatustaxonomyappliedtodata
    5.4Conclusion

    6Thenatureofreferenceintextandindiscourse
    6.1Whatistext?
    6.1.1Cohesion
    6.1.2Endophora
    6.1.3Substitution
    6.2Discoursereference
    6.2.1Referenceanddiscourserepresentations
    6.2.2Referringexpressions
    6.3Pronounsindiscourse
    6.3.1Pronounsandantecedentnominals
    6.3.2Pronounsandantecedentpredicates
    6.3.3Pronounsandnewpredicates
    6.3.4Interpretingpronominalreferenceindiscourse

    7Coherenceintheinterpretationofdiscourse
    7.1coherenceindiscourse
    7.2Computingcommunicativefunction
    7.3Speechacts
    7.4Usingknowledgeoftheworld
    7.5Top-downandbottom-upprocessing
    7.6Representingbackgroundknowledge
    7.6.1Frames
    7.6.2Scripts
    7.6.3Scenarios
    7.6.4Schemata
    7.6.5Mentalmodels
    7.7Determiningtheinferencestobemade
    7.8Inferencesasmissinglinks
    7.9Inferencesasnon-automaticconnections
    7.10Inferencesasfillingingapsordiscontinuitiesininterpreta-tion
    7.11Conclusion
    References
    Subjectindex
    Authorindex
    文库索引
  • 内容简介:
    Disourseanalysisisatermwhichhascometohavedifferentinterpretationsforscholarsworkingindifferentdisciplines.Forasociolinguist.itisconcernedmainlywiththestructureofsocialinteractionmanifestedinconversation;forapsycholinguist，itisprimarilyconcernedwiththenatureofcomprehensionofshortwrittentexts;forthecomputationallinguist，itisconcernedwithproducingoperationalmodelsoftext-understandingwithinhighlylimitedcontexts.Inthistextbook，theauthorsprovideanextensiveoverviewofthemanyanddiverseapproachestothestudyofdiscourse，butbasetheirownapproachcentrallyonthedisciplinewhich，tovaryingdegrees，iscommontothemall-linguistics.Usingamethodologywhichhasmuchincommonwithdescriptivelinguistics，theyofferalucidandwide-rangingaccountofhowformsoflanguageareusedincommunication.
    Theirprincipalconcernistoexaminehowanylanguageproducedbyman，whetherspokenorwritten，isusedtocommunicateforapurposeinacontext.Thediscussioniscarefullyillustratedthroughoutbyawidevarietyofdiscoursetypes（conversationsrecordedindifferentsocialsituations，extractsfromnewspapers，notices，contemporaryfiction，graffiti，etc.）.Thetechniquesofanalysisaredescribedandexemplifiedinsufficientdetailforthestudenttobeabletoapplythemtoanylanguageincontextthatheorsheencounters.
    Afamiliaritywithelementarylinguisticsisassumed，buttherangeofissuesdiscussedinconjunctionwiththevarietyofexemplifcationpresentedwillmadethisavaluableandstimulatingtextbooknotonlyforstudentsoflinguistics，butforanyreaderwhoishestoinvestigatetheprinciplesunderlyingtheuseoflanguageinaturalcontextstocommunicateandunderstandintendedmeaning.
    Thisbookmakesforabsorbingreading.Itisverywell-written，inspiringandclear.Itisindispensableliteratureforanyoneworkinginthefieldofdiscourseanalysis.JournalofSemantics.
  • 目录:
    PrefacebyHalliday
    王宗炎序
    导读
    Preface
    Acknowledgements
    Transcriptionconventions
    1Introduction：linguisticformsandfunctions
    1.1Thefunctionsoflanguage
    1.1.1Thetransactionalview
    1.1.2Theinteractionalview
    1.2Spokenandwrittenlanguage
    1.2.1Mannerofproduction
    1.2.2Therepresentationofdiscourse：texts
    1.2.3Writtentexts
    1.2.4Spokentexts
    1.2.5Therelationshipbetweenspeechandwriting
    1.2.6Differencesinformbetweenwrittenandspokenlanguage
    1.3Sentenceandutterance
    1.3.1Ondata"
    1.3.2Rulesversusregularities
    1.3.3Productversusprocess
    1.3.4Oncontext

    2Theroleofcontextininterpretation
    2.1Pragmaticsanddiscoursecontext
    2.1.1Reference
    2.1.2Presupposition
    2.1.3Implicatures
    2.1.4Inference
    2.2Thecontextofsituation
    2.2.1Featuresofcontext
    2.2.2Co-text
    2.3Theexpandingcontext
    2.4Theprinciplesoflocalinterpretationandofanalogy

    3Topicandtherepresentationofdiscoursecontent
    3.1Discoursefragmentsandthenotiontopic
    3.2Sententialtopic
    3.3Discoursetopic
    3.3.1Topicframework
    3.3.2Presuppositionpools
    3.3.3Sententialtopicandthepresuppositionpool
    3.4Relevanceandspeakingtopically
    3.5Speakerstopic
    3.6Topicboundarymarkers
    3.6.1Paragraphs
    3.6.2Paratones
    3.7Discoursetopicandtherepresentationofdiscoursecontent
    3.8Problemswiththeproposition-basedrepresentationofdiscoursecontent
    3.9Memoryfortext-content：story-grammars
    3.10Representingtext-contentasanetwork

    4Stagingandtherepresentationofdiscoursestruc-ture
    41Thelinearisationproblem
    4.2Theme
    4.3Thematisationandstaging
    4.3.1Staging
    4.3.aThemeasmaincharactertopicentity
    4.3.3Titlesandthematisation
    4.3-4Thematicstructure
    4.3.5Naturalorderandpointofview
    4.3.6Theme,thematisationandstaging

    5Informationstructure
    5.1Thestructureofinformation
    5.1.1Informationstructureandthenotiongivennewinintonation
    5.t.2Hallidaysaccountofinformationstructure：informationunits
    5.1.3ttallidaysaccountofinformationstructure：tonegroupsandtonics
    5.1.4Identifyingthetonegroup
    5.1.5Thetonegroupandtheclause
    5.1.6Pause-definedunits
    5.1.7Thefunctionofpitchprominence
    5.2Informationstructureandsyntacticform
    5.2.1Given/newandsyntacticform
    5.2.2Informationstructureandsentencestructure
    5.3Thepsychologicalstatusofgivenness
    5.3.1Whatdoesgivenmean?
    5.3.2Ataxonomyofinformationstatus
    5.3.3Theinormationstatustaxonomyappliedtodata
    5.4Conclusion

    6Thenatureofreferenceintextandindiscourse
    6.1Whatistext?
    6.1.1Cohesion
    6.1.2Endophora
    6.1.3Substitution
    6.2Discoursereference
    6.2.1Referenceanddiscourserepresentations
    6.2.2Referringexpressions
    6.3Pronounsindiscourse
    6.3.1Pronounsandantecedentnominals
    6.3.2Pronounsandantecedentpredicates
    6.3.3Pronounsandnewpredicates
    6.3.4Interpretingpronominalreferenceindiscourse

    7Coherenceintheinterpretationofdiscourse
    7.1coherenceindiscourse
    7.2Computingcommunicativefunction
    7.3Speechacts
    7.4Usingknowledgeoftheworld
    7.5Top-downandbottom-upprocessing
    7.6Representingbackgroundknowledge
    7.6.1Frames
    7.6.2Scripts
    7.6.3Scenarios
    7.6.4Schemata
    7.6.5Mentalmodels
    7.7Determiningtheinferencestobemade
    7.8Inferencesasmissinglinks
    7.9Inferencesasnon-automaticconnections
    7.10Inferencesasfillingingapsordiscontinuitiesininterpreta-tion
    7.11Conclusion
    References
    Subjectindex
    Authorindex
    文库索引
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