批判性思维:第6版:英语版

作者: Gregory Bassham , William Irwin , Henry Nardone , Jam

出版社: 外语教学与研究出版社

出版时间: 2021-09

ISBN: 9787521327793

定价: 98.00

装帧: 其他

分类: 语言文字

23人买过

本书逻辑清晰，语言简洁，既涵盖批判性思维的所有基础概念：基本逻辑概念、语言陷阱、常见逻辑谬误、分析和评估论证；又洞悉日常思维陷阱，与实际应用紧密结合：筛选信息素材、强化写作、反思媒体与伪科学。此外，本书配有大量经课堂检验的有趣练习，帮助读者在学习、训练、反馈中见证自己的进步，成为一个逻辑性更强，更全面、有信心、不盲从的思考者。本书还援引了大量励志名人名言，并严谨标注出处和参考文献，能给读者以启发。本书自问世以来多次再版，深受国外大学师生欢迎。本书引进后将以全英文的形式出版，适合国内高校师生、准备参加GRE等考试以及准备留学的学生阅读。格雷戈里·巴沙姆（Gregory Bassham）是宾夕法尼亚州国王学院的哲学教授，撰写或编辑过的书包括《指环王与哲学》（2003）、《终极哈利·波特与哲学》（2010）等。威廉·欧文（William Irwin）是国王学院的哲学教授，撰写过十二本书。亨利·纳尔多内（Henry Nardone）是国王学院的哲学荣誉退休教授，出版过关于批判性思维和美学的学术文章。詹姆斯·M. 华莱士（James M. Wallace）是国王学院的英语教授，已出版独著和合著共两本。 A Personal Word to Students vii

Preface ix

Chapter 1 Introduction to Critical Thinking 1

What Is Critical Thinking? 1

Critical Thinking Standards 2

The Benefits of Critical Thinking 7

Barriers to Critical Thinking 9

Qualities of a Critical Thinker 26

Chapter 2 Recognizing Arguments 31

What Is an Argument? 31

Identifying Premises and Conclusions 36

What Is Not an Argument? 41

Chapter 3 Basic Logical Concepts 55

Deduction and Induction 55

How Can We Tell Whether an Argument Is Deductive or Inductive? 58

Common Patterns of Deductive Reasoning 64

Common Patterns of Inductive Reasoning 69

Deductive Validity 74

Inductive Strength 79

Chapter 4 Language 88

Finding the Right Words: The Need for Precision 88

The Importance of Precise Definitions 95

Emotive Language: Slanting the Truth 107

Euphemisms and Political Correctness 117

Chapter 5 Logical Fallacies—I 122

The Concept of Relevance 122

Fallacies of Relevance 125

Chapter 6 Logical Fallacies—II 143

Fallacies of Insufficient Evidence 143

Chapter 7 Analyzing Arguments 169

Diagramming Short Arguments 169

Summarizing Longer Arguments 180

Chapter 8 Evaluating Arguments and Truth Claims 197

When Is an Argument a Good One? 197

When Is It Reasonable to Accept a Premise? 200

Refuting Arguments 205

Chapter 9 A Little Categorical Logic 234

Categorical Statements 235

Translating into Standard Categorical Form 239

Categorical Syllogisms 247

Chapter 10 A Little Propositional Logic 263

Conjunction 264

Conjunction and Validity 267

Negation 272

Deeper Analysis of Negation and Conjunction 277

Disjunction 283

Conditional Statements 287

Chapter 11 Inductive Reasoning 298

Introduction to Induction 298

Inductive Generalizations 299

Statistical Arguments 309

Induction and Analogy 315

Induction and Causal Arguments 324

A Few Words about Probab
内容简介:
本书逻辑清晰，语言简洁，既涵盖批判性思维的所有基础概念：基本逻辑概念、语言陷阱、常见逻辑谬误、分析和评估论证；又洞悉日常思维陷阱，与实际应用紧密结合：筛选信息素材、强化写作、反思媒体与伪科学。此外，本书配有大量经课堂检验的有趣练习，帮助读者在学习、训练、反馈中见证自己的进步，成为一个逻辑性更强，更全面、有信心、不盲从的思考者。本书还援引了大量励志名人名言，并严谨标注出处和参考文献，能给读者以启发。本书自问世以来多次再版，深受国外大学师生欢迎。本书引进后将以全英文的形式出版，适合国内高校师生、准备参加GRE等考试以及准备留学的学生阅读。
作者简介:
格雷戈里·巴沙姆（Gregory Bassham）是宾夕法尼亚州国王学院的哲学教授，撰写或编辑过的书包括《指环王与哲学》（2003）、《终极哈利·波特与哲学》（2010）等。威廉·欧文（William Irwin）是国王学院的哲学教授，撰写过十二本书。亨利·纳尔多内（Henry Nardone）是国王学院的哲学荣誉退休教授，出版过关于批判性思维和美学的学术文章。詹姆斯·M. 华莱士（James M. Wallace）是国王学院的英语教授，已出版独著和合著共两本。
目录:
A Personal Word to Students vii

Preface ix

Chapter 1 Introduction to Critical Thinking 1

What Is Critical Thinking? 1

Critical Thinking Standards 2

The Benefits of Critical Thinking 7

Barriers to Critical Thinking 9

Qualities of a Critical Thinker 26

Chapter 2 Recognizing Arguments 31

What Is an Argument? 31

Identifying Premises and Conclusions 36

What Is Not an Argument? 41

Chapter 3 Basic Logical Concepts 55

Deduction and Induction 55

How Can We Tell Whether an Argument Is Deductive or Inductive? 58

Common Patterns of Deductive Reasoning 64

Common Patterns of Inductive Reasoning 69

Deductive Validity 74

Inductive Strength 79

Chapter 4 Language 88

Finding the Right Words: The Need for Precision 88

The Importance of Precise Definitions 95

Emotive Language: Slanting the Truth 107

Euphemisms and Political Correctness 117

Chapter 5 Logical Fallacies—I 122

The Concept of Relevance 122

Fallacies of Relevance 125

Chapter 6 Logical Fallacies—II 143

Fallacies of Insufficient Evidence 143

Chapter 7 Analyzing Arguments 169

Diagramming Short Arguments 169

Summarizing Longer Arguments 180

Chapter 8 Evaluating Arguments and Truth Claims 197

When Is an Argument a Good One? 197

When Is It Reasonable to Accept a Premise? 200

Refuting Arguments 205

Chapter 9 A Little Categorical Logic 234

Categorical Statements 235

Translating into Standard Categorical Form 239

Categorical Syllogisms 247

Chapter 10 A Little Propositional Logic 263

Conjunction 264

Conjunction and Validity 267

Negation 272

Deeper Analysis of Negation and Conjunction 277

Disjunction 283

Conditional Statements 287

Chapter 11 Inductive Reasoning 298

Introduction to Induction 298

Inductive Generalizations 299

Statistical Arguments 309

Induction and Analogy 315

Induction and Causal Arguments 324

A Few Words about Probab