中外物理学精品书系·天文光谱学·天文光谱的原子与分子物理学导论（英文影印第二版）

作者: [英] 坦尼森（J.Tennyson）著

出版社: 北京大学出版社

出版时间: 2015-01

版次: 1

ISBN: 9787301251706

定价: 41.00

装帧: 平装

开本: 16开

纸张: 胶版纸

页数: 240页

字数: 240千字

丛书: 中外物理学精品书系

分类: 自然科学

　　对于宇宙的观测，其信息几乎都来自于光。观测一方面要把光分解成各种成分，另一方面也要了解原子和分子的性质。《中外物理学精品书系·天文光谱学·天文光谱的原子与分子物理学导论（英文影印第二版）》对于这两方面都进行了系统讲述。在天文光谱学的研究中，本书能够提供丰富而实用的知识。
　　《中外物理学精品书系·天文光谱学·天文光谱的原子与分子物理学导论（英文影印第二版）》适合天文学领域的研究者和研究生阅读。　　（英）坦尼森，伦敦大学学院教授。 Prefacev
1.WhyRecordSpectraofAstronomicalObjects?1
1.1AHistoricalIntroduction...................1
1.2WhatOneCanLearnfromStudyingSpectra........3

2.TheNatureofSpectra7
2.1Transitions............................7
2.2AbsorptionandEmission...................8
2.3OtherMeasuresofTransitionProbabilities.........10
2.4StimulatedEmission......................10
2.5OpticalDepth..........................11
2.6CriticalDensity.........................12
2.7WavelengthorFrequency?...................13
2.8TheElectromagneticSpectrum................14

3.AtomicHydrogen17
3.1Overview.............................17
3.2TheSchr¨odingerEquationofHydrogen-LikeAtoms....17
3.3ReducedMass..........................18
3.4AtomicUnits..........................19
3.5WavefunctionsforHydrogen.................20
3.6EnergyLevelsandQuantumNumbers...........21
3.7H-AtomDiscreteSpectra....................23
3.8H-AtomSpectrainDifferentLocations............29
3.8.1Balmerseries......................29
3.8.2Lymanseries......................33
3.8.3Infraredlines......................35
3.9H-AtomContinuumSpectra..................35
3.9.1Processes........................35
3.9.2H-atomemissioninHIIregions...........36
3.10RadioRecombinationLines..................38
3.11RadioRecombinationLinesforOtherAtoms........40
3.12AngularMomentumCouplingintheHydrogenAtom..43
3.13TheFineStructureofHydrogen................44
3.14HyperfineStructureintheHAtom..............45
3.15AllowedTransitions......................46
3.16HydrogeninNebulae......................47

4.ComplexAtoms51
4.1GeneralConsiderations....................51
4.2CentralFieldModel.......................52
4.3IndistinguishableParticles...................54
4.4ElectronConfigurations....................55
4.5ThePeriodicTable.......................56
4.6Ions................................58
4.7AngularMomentuminComplexAtoms...........59
4.7.1L-SorRussell-Saunderscoupling..........59
4.7.2j-jcoupling.......................61
4.7.3Whytwocouplingschemes?.............61
4.8SpectroscopicNotation.....................62
4.9ParityoftheWavefunction...................63
4.10TermsandLevelsinComplexAtoms.............64

5.HeliumSpectra69
5.1HeIandHeIISpectra......................69
5.2SelectionRulesforComplexAtoms.............71
5.3ObservingForbiddenLines..................74
5.4GrotrianDiagrams.......................75
5.5PotentialFeltbyElectronsinComplexAtoms........77
5.6EmissionsofHelium-LikeIons................78

6.AlkaliAtoms81
6.1Sodium..............................81
6.2Spin-OrbitInteractions.....................84
6.3FineStructureTransitions...................88
6.4AstronomicalSodiumSpectra.................89
6.5OtherAlkaliMetal-LikeSpectra................93

7.SpectraofNebulae99
7.1Nebulium............................100
7.2TheBowenMechanism.....................104
7.3TwoValenceElectrons.....................107
7.4AutoionisationandRecombination..............109

8.SpectrainMagneticFields115
8.1UniformMagneticField....................116
8.2StrongMagneticField.....................117
8.3WeakMagneticField......................118
8.3.1ThenormalZeemaneffect..............118
8.3.2TheanomolousZeemaneffect............119
8.4SpectrainMagneticField...................120

9.X-RaySpectra123
9.1InnerShellProcesses......................123
9.2TheSolarCorona........................127
9.3TheStructureofHighlyIonisedAtoms...........127
9.4IsotopeEffects..........................131

10.MolecularStructure135
10.1TheBorn-OppenheimerApproximation...........136
10.2ElectronicStructureofDiatomics...............137
10.2.1Labellingofelectronicstates.............140
10.2.2Symmetry........................141
10.2.3Statelabels.......................143
10.3Schr¨odingerEquation.....................144
10.3.1Nuclearmotionindiatomicmolecules.......144
10.4Fractionation...........................149
10.5Vibration-RotationEnergyLevels..............150
10.6TemperatureEffects.......................152
10.6.1Rotationalstatepopulations.............152
10.6.2Vibrationalstatepopulations.............154
10.6.3Electronicstatepopulations.............155

11.RotationalSpectra157
11.1RotationalStructureofPolyatomicMolecules........157
11.2SelectionRules:PureRotationalTransitions.........160
11.3SelectionRules.........................161
11.4IsotopeEffects..........................166
11.5RotationalSpectraofOtherMolecules............166
11.6RotationalSpectraofMolecularHydrogen.........170
11.7MaserEmissions........................170

12.Vibration-RotationSpectra175
12.1VibrationsinPolyatomicMolecules.............175
12.2VibrationalTransitions.....................177
12.2.1Structureofthespectrum...............178
12.2.2Isotopeeffects.....................181
12.2.3Hydrogenmoleculevibrationalspectra.......181
12.3AstronomicalSpectra......................183

13.ElectronicSpectraofDiatomicMolecules187
13.1ElectronicTransitions......................187
13.2SelectionRules.........................188
13.2.1Vibrationalselectionrules..............189
13.2.2Rotationalselectionrules...............190
13.3TransitionFrequencies.....................192
13.4AstronomicalSpectra......................193
13.5Non-1_ElectronicStates....................195
SolutionstoModelProblems199
FurtherReadingandBibliography215
Index217
内容简介:
　　对于宇宙的观测，其信息几乎都来自于光。观测一方面要把光分解成各种成分，另一方面也要了解原子和分子的性质。《中外物理学精品书系·天文光谱学·天文光谱的原子与分子物理学导论（英文影印第二版）》对于这两方面都进行了系统讲述。在天文光谱学的研究中，本书能够提供丰富而实用的知识。
　　《中外物理学精品书系·天文光谱学·天文光谱的原子与分子物理学导论（英文影印第二版）》适合天文学领域的研究者和研究生阅读。
作者简介:
　　（英）坦尼森，伦敦大学学院教授。
目录:
Prefacev
1.WhyRecordSpectraofAstronomicalObjects?1
1.1AHistoricalIntroduction...................1
1.2WhatOneCanLearnfromStudyingSpectra........3

2.TheNatureofSpectra7
2.1Transitions............................7
2.2AbsorptionandEmission...................8
2.3OtherMeasuresofTransitionProbabilities.........10
2.4StimulatedEmission......................10
2.5OpticalDepth..........................11
2.6CriticalDensity.........................12
2.7WavelengthorFrequency?...................13
2.8TheElectromagneticSpectrum................14

3.AtomicHydrogen17
3.1Overview.............................17
3.2TheSchr¨odingerEquationofHydrogen-LikeAtoms....17
3.3ReducedMass..........................18
3.4AtomicUnits..........................19
3.5WavefunctionsforHydrogen.................20
3.6EnergyLevelsandQuantumNumbers...........21
3.7H-AtomDiscreteSpectra....................23
3.8H-AtomSpectrainDifferentLocations............29
3.8.1Balmerseries......................29
3.8.2Lymanseries......................33
3.8.3Infraredlines......................35
3.9H-AtomContinuumSpectra..................35
3.9.1Processes........................35
3.9.2H-atomemissioninHIIregions...........36
3.10RadioRecombinationLines..................38
3.11RadioRecombinationLinesforOtherAtoms........40
3.12AngularMomentumCouplingintheHydrogenAtom..43
3.13TheFineStructureofHydrogen................44
3.14HyperfineStructureintheHAtom..............45
3.15AllowedTransitions......................46
3.16HydrogeninNebulae......................47

4.ComplexAtoms51
4.1GeneralConsiderations....................51
4.2CentralFieldModel.......................52
4.3IndistinguishableParticles...................54
4.4ElectronConfigurations....................55
4.5ThePeriodicTable.......................56
4.6Ions................................58
4.7AngularMomentuminComplexAtoms...........59
4.7.1L-SorRussell-Saunderscoupling..........59
4.7.2j-jcoupling.......................61
4.7.3Whytwocouplingschemes?.............61
4.8SpectroscopicNotation.....................62
4.9ParityoftheWavefunction...................63
4.10TermsandLevelsinComplexAtoms.............64

5.HeliumSpectra69
5.1HeIandHeIISpectra......................69
5.2SelectionRulesforComplexAtoms.............71
5.3ObservingForbiddenLines..................74
5.4GrotrianDiagrams.......................75
5.5PotentialFeltbyElectronsinComplexAtoms........77
5.6EmissionsofHelium-LikeIons................78

6.AlkaliAtoms81
6.1Sodium..............................81
6.2Spin-OrbitInteractions.....................84
6.3FineStructureTransitions...................88
6.4AstronomicalSodiumSpectra.................89
6.5OtherAlkaliMetal-LikeSpectra................93

7.SpectraofNebulae99
7.1Nebulium............................100
7.2TheBowenMechanism.....................104
7.3TwoValenceElectrons.....................107
7.4AutoionisationandRecombination..............109

8.SpectrainMagneticFields115
8.1UniformMagneticField....................116
8.2StrongMagneticField.....................117
8.3WeakMagneticField......................118
8.3.1ThenormalZeemaneffect..............118
8.3.2TheanomolousZeemaneffect............119
8.4SpectrainMagneticField...................120

9.X-RaySpectra123
9.1InnerShellProcesses......................123
9.2TheSolarCorona........................127
9.3TheStructureofHighlyIonisedAtoms...........127
9.4IsotopeEffects..........................131

10.MolecularStructure135
10.1TheBorn-OppenheimerApproximation...........136
10.2ElectronicStructureofDiatomics...............137
10.2.1Labellingofelectronicstates.............140
10.2.2Symmetry........................141
10.2.3Statelabels.......................143
10.3Schr¨odingerEquation.....................144
10.3.1Nuclearmotionindiatomicmolecules.......144
10.4Fractionation...........................149
10.5Vibration-RotationEnergyLevels..............150
10.6TemperatureEffects.......................152
10.6.1Rotationalstatepopulations.............152
10.6.2Vibrationalstatepopulations.............154
10.6.3Electronicstatepopulations.............155

11.RotationalSpectra157
11.1RotationalStructureofPolyatomicMolecules........157
11.2SelectionRules:PureRotationalTransitions.........160
11.3SelectionRules.........................161
11.4IsotopeEffects..........................166
11.5RotationalSpectraofOtherMolecules............166
11.6RotationalSpectraofMolecularHydrogen.........170
11.7MaserEmissions........................170

12.Vibration-RotationSpectra175
12.1VibrationsinPolyatomicMolecules.............175
12.2VibrationalTransitions.....................177
12.2.1Structureofthespectrum...............178
12.2.2Isotopeeffects.....................181
12.2.3Hydrogenmoleculevibrationalspectra.......181
12.3AstronomicalSpectra......................183

13.ElectronicSpectraofDiatomicMolecules187
13.1ElectronicTransitions......................187
13.2SelectionRules.........................188
13.2.1Vibrationalselectionrules..............189
13.2.2Rotationalselectionrules...............190
13.3TransitionFrequencies.....................192
13.4AstronomicalSpectra......................193
13.5Non-1_ElectronicStates....................195
SolutionstoModelProblems199
FurtherReadingandBibliography215
Index217